Objective: To teach the students about various simple machines like lever, inclined plane, pulley, wheel and axle, wedge and their maintenance and care.
Subtopics to be covered:
An inclined Plane
A wedge
A lever
A pulley
A wheel and axle
Maintenance of machines
Learning Outcome:
Students know that some machines are simple while others are complex
They know the different types of simple machines and their uses.
They also know that machines should be maintained properly to keep them in good working condition
1. Have small groups make their own pulley. Take two small spools of thread and put a pencil through the center. Then tie the ends of a length of string together to create a loop. Have two students hold the pencils and spools and spin them slowly to create a pulley system. Then have another student write a message and attach it to the thread using a paper clip. Use the pulley to pass the message from one person to the other.
2. Tape a pencil to a table. Then place a ruler on top of the pencil to create a lever. Place an object on one end of the ruler and press down on the other end to lift the object up. Try using objects of different weights. What happens? Is it easier or harder to lift heavier objects? Then have your child move the ruler so that the fulcrum is closer or farther away from the load. When does it become easier or harder to lift the load? Does the load ever become too heavy for the lever, and if so, where is the fulcrum?
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